Interactive Tutorial
01 — Introduction

Welcome to SpectraVision

SpectraVision is a scientific night photography color analysis tool built by Utah Astrophotography & DinoSpectra. It runs entirely in your browser — no install, no server, no upload. Your photos never leave your device.

20
Analysis Tools
6
CVD Types Supported
0
Installs Required
What makes SpectraVision different

Most photography tools require you to judge colour by eye. SpectraVision gives you scientific numbers — Kelvin, R:G:B ratios, FWHM, SQM — so corrections can be verified without trusting your display or your eyes. This makes it uniquely useful for colorblind photographers.

This tutorial covers every feature. Each section includes interactive demos, quizzes, and real worked examples. Use the sidebar to jump to any topic.

02 — Getting Started

Loading Your Photo

Tap or click the Open button in the top toolbar. Supported formats: JPEG, PNG, WebP.
Select your night photograph. Images are scaled to 900px wide for performance — your original file is never modified.
The photo appears in the left panel. All 20 analysis tabs update automatically within seconds.
You can load a new photo at any time. All sliders and corrections reset.
iPhone / iPad note

Use Safari for best performance on iOS. Tap the Share button → “Open in Safari” if you open the file in another app first. The tool works offline once loaded.

Try it

Open SpectraVision and load a Milky Way photo with visible light pollution on the horizon. This tutorial uses Grand Teton NP as its reference example throughout.

03 — The Interface

Navigating the App

The screen is split into two panels. The left panel always shows your photo. The right panel is the analysis area, navigated by the tab strip.

All 20 Tabs

Tab
Name
What it shows
SPATIAL
Spatial Analysis
5×4 grid of zone, Kelvin, and colour preservation per region
ZONES
Zone System
Adams Z0–Z9 tonal distribution histogram
SKY
Sky Presets
Scientific sky condition targets to compare against
SOURCES
Light Sources
Detected pollution types: sodium, mercury, LED, airglow
WAVE
Waveform
Broadcast-grade luma + R/G/B channel parade
SCOPE
3D Vectorscope
Drag-to-rotate colour volume in 3D hue space
STARS
Star Analysis
Star count, Bortle estimate, light pollution compass
NOISE
Noise / SNR
Signal-to-noise per zone, hot pixel map, stacking advice
FOCUS
FWHM / Focus
Star sharpness, FWHM distribution, focus quality map
GRAD
Gradient Map
16×10 luminance heatmap revealing vignetting & gradients
CA
Chromatic Aberration
RGB channel misalignment map and severity score
WB
White Balance
Eyedropper: tap any pixel to sample its white balance
SELECT
Selective Colour
Tap any pixel to isolate all similar-hued pixels
REGION
Region Analyzer
Drag a box on the photo to analyse just that area
CALC
Exposure Calculator
NPF rule and 500 rule for your exact camera settings
SQM
Sky Quality Meter
Estimated SQM reading and A–F composite site grade
EXIF
EXIF Data
Camera, lens, exposure, and GPS from the image file
REPORT
Analysis Report
Full scientific summary, exportable as HTML
CVD
Colour Vision
Guided correction + channel enhancement for colourblind photographers
PRINT
Print Calibration
Gamma, luminance, and blue-light filter compensation for printing
Quick check: How many analysis tools does SpectraVision include?
15
20
12
04 — Analysis

Spatial Analysis

The SPATIAL tab divides your image into a 5×4 grid of 20 cells. Each cell shows three numbers simultaneously: colour temperature in Kelvin, Adams Zone, and colour preservation percentage.

Reading the Grid

Each cell’s Kelvin reading tells you whether that region of your image is warm (light pollution) or cool (clean dark sky). Upper-left sky cells should read 8000–12000K. Lower cells near the horizon reading 2200–5000K confirm sodium or LED pollution.

Colour preservation is the percentage of colour information surviving in that zone. A reading of 30% means 70% of the pixel data in that cell is flat, crushed, or indistinguishable from noise. Upper sky cells should be 65–85%. Heavily polluted foreground cells often drop below 30%.

Try it

Tap any cell in the 5×4 grid. The detail panel below the grid shows the exact Kelvin, Zone, and preservation for that cell. Try comparing an upper sky cell vs a lower foreground cell on your image.

What to look for

Warm band at the bottom = light pollution gradient. If bottom row reads 2500–4000K and top row reads 9000K+, you have a strong pollution gradient needing correction. Uneven colours across the top row = possible gradients from multiple pollution sources at different compass bearings.

05 — Analysis

Zone System

Based on Ansel Adams’ Zone System. Click any zone bar in the histogram to highlight those exact pixels overlaid on your photo.

The 10 Zones — Click to explore

Click a zone above to learn about it.

What to expect in a night photo

Ideal distribution

For a well-exposed Milky Way shot: most pixels should be in Z1–Z4 (dark sky with texture). A spike at Z0 means crushed blacks with no recoverable detail. Bright star cores in Z8–Z9 are acceptable. A large proportion in Z5–Z6 usually means overexposure or heavy light pollution brightening the sky.

A photo has 40% of pixels in Zone 0. What does this mean?
The sky is perfectly exposed
Severe shadow crushing — detail is permanently lost
The image has good dynamic range
06 — Analysis

Waveform Monitor

The WAVE tab shows a broadcast-standard luminance waveform with a full R/G/B channel parade below it. Everything is plotted at native retina resolution — the same quality as professional video scopes.

Reading the Luma Trace

The horizontal axis corresponds to horizontal position in your photo — left edge of the trace = left edge of your image.
The vertical axis is brightness from 0 IRE (pure black) at the bottom to 100 IRE (pure white) at the top.
A flat floor at 0 IRE = crushed blacks. A flat ceiling at 100 IRE = clipped highlights (overexposed stars).

Reading the Channel Parade

The three smaller traces below show R, G, and B channels independently. For a correctly balanced dark sky:

R
Should be the shortest trace
G
Middle height
B
Should be the tallest trace
If R is taller than B

Your sky is warm — light pollution is shifting the colour balance. Use the Sky Colour Temp and Light Pollution Remove sliders in the CORRECT tab until B sits above R.

07 — Analysis

3D Vectorscope

The SCOPE tab plots every pixel in your image as a dot in 3D hue space. Drag to rotate, pinch or scroll to zoom. Toggle Auto-rotate for a continuous 360° view.

A tight, roughly spherical cluster near the neutral axis means low saturation and a well-balanced image. Most dark sky photos should look like this — subtle colours, not vivid ones.

A tail extending toward the R/Y quadrant means warm light pollution is pulling those pixels away from neutral. The longer the tail, the more severe the pollution. After correction, the tail should collapse back into the main cluster.

Isolated bright dots are individual stars plotted by their spectral type. Blue O/B stars appear toward the B axis; red M-class stars appear toward the R axis. Yellow/orange G/K stars cluster in between.

Science note

The vectorscope is one of the most powerful pollution diagnostic tools. An image with no visible pollution on the histogram can still show a clear orange tail on the vectorscope, revealing a subtle colour cast that the eye and histogram miss.

08 — Analysis

Star Analysis & Focus Quality

Star Detection

SpectraVision automatically detects point sources and measures them. The STARS tab shows star count, spectral type distribution, Bortle scale estimate, and a light pollution direction compass.

Bortle Scale Reference
Bortle 1–2: Pristine dark sky. SQM >21.5
Bortle 3–4: Rural. SQM 20–21.5
Bortle 5–6: Suburban. SQM 18–20
Bortle 7+: Urban/suburban. SQM <18

FWHM & Focus

The FOCUS tab measures Full Width Half Maximum — the standard scientific measure of star sharpness.

<2px
Excellent focus
2–3.5px
Good
>4px
Soft or trailing
09 — Analysis

Light Pollution & Sky Quality

Detected Source Types

The SOURCES tab identifies the spectral signature of detected pollution:

Sodium vapor
~2200K
Mercury vapor
~4200K
LED white
4000–6500K
Airglow OI 557nm
Natural

Sky Quality Meter (SQM)

The SQM tab estimates a standard Sky Quality Meter reading in mag/arcsec² from your dark zone pixels, plus an A–F composite site grade combining SQM, sky temperature, and pollution percentage.

Your SQM reads 20.4. What Bortle range does this correspond to?
Bortle 1–2 (pristine)
Bortle 3–4 (rural)
Bortle 6–7 (suburban)
10 — Corrections

Making Corrections

The CORRECT tab has five live sliders. Every adjustment immediately updates the image and all analysis tabs. Drag a slider and watch the waveform and zone histogram change in real time.

The Five Sliders — Interactive Demo

Sky Colour Temp KEY6500K
2000KWarmNeutralCool skyDark night
Move the slider to see what Kelvin means

All Sliders Explained

Shifts the colour temperature of dark sky zones. Increase (cool) to counteract warm/orange sodium pollution. Target: 9000–11000K for true dark night. This is the primary control for light pollution correction. Start here before touching any other slider.

Subtracts the dominant warm pollution colour from dark zones. Works best when a specific source (sodium, mercury) has been detected. Try 30–70% for strongly city-lit skies. Use in combination with Sky Colour Temp.

Raises the floor of dark zones without affecting highlights. Use when shadows are completely crushed (Zone 0 spike in the histogram). Recovers texture detail in near-black areas. Keep below 40 for natural-looking results.

Increases or decreases colour saturation specifically in shadow zones. Positive = adds colour to dark areas. Negative = neutralises colour casts in shadows. Useful when shadows have an unwanted tint after light pollution removal.

Reduces blowout in the brightest highlights (bright star cores). Prevents star centres from clipping to pure white, preserving slight colour information. Gentle use only — high values can make bright stars look flat.

Split Before/After View

How to use it

Tap ⇄ Split B/A in the CORRECT tab to see original and corrected side by side with a draggable divider. This is the best way to judge how much the correction has changed the image. The split view respects any active overlays.

11 — CVD Workflow

Colour Blindness Balancing

The CVD tab is designed for colorblind astrophotographers who cannot rely on colour perception to judge sky balance. It replaces colour judgment entirely with scientific numbers.

Important

The CVD tab UI does not apply a pink or green tint. Adding colour tints to the interface would make it harder for colorblind users to read — the opposite of accessible design. Instead, the tool uses numbers, symbols, and text so no colour perception is needed to operate it.

Step 1: Select Your CVD Type

Choose the option that matches your condition. The image is immediately rendered through the Vienot 1999 simulation matrices, showing it as you actually see it.

Click a patch above to learn about that CVD type.

Steps 2–4: Live Balance Verdict

The verdict box and three gauges update every frame as you move the sliders. All three must show green before the image is balanced.

Kelvin
3200K ▲
target ~10500K
R ratio
0.82 ▲
target 0.65
B ratio
0.42 ▲
target 1.00

Click the gauges above to cycle through states — see how all three look when fully balanced.

Sky Presets

★ True Dark Night
10500K · R:0.65 · G:0.80 · B:1.00 — best for Milky Way photography
Blue Hour
9000K · R:0.55 · G:0.70 · B:1.00 — nautical twilight and dusk
Moonlit Night
4100K · R:1.00 · G:0.97 · B:0.90 — moon-illuminated landscapes
12 — CVD Enhancement

Channel Enhancement

The Kelvin slider alone cannot reveal all the colour features of the Milky Way. Several important astronomical signatures exist outside the Kelvin scale. Step 5 of the CVD tab adds three independent channel boost systems.

Why Kelvin Is Not Enough

The problem

H-alpha emission nebulae (656nm red), airglow OI 557.7nm (green), and OIII 501nm (blue-green) are specific spectral line emissions — not blackbody radiation. They don’t follow the Kelvin curve at all. Cooling the sky from 3000K to 10500K will not make these features visible to a colorblind photographer who cannot perceive those wavelengths.

Channel Gain Tab

Three independent sliders boost R, G, or B across the whole image. For Protanopia: boost R to 80% and red nebulae, red stars, and warm dust lanes become visible. For Deuteranomaly: boost G to 70% and airglow OI 557nm becomes distinguishable from the background.

Emission Lines Tab

H-alpha (656nm)
Ionised hydrogen — invisible to Protanopia
Airglow OI (557nm)
Atmospheric green — invisible to Deuteranomaly
OIII (501nm)
Doubly-ionised oxygen — planetary nebulae
Dust Contrast
Milky Way dust lanes — outside Kelvin scale
How emission line detection works

Rather than targeting specific pixel wavelengths (cameras don’t store that data), SpectraVision detects each emission type by its R:G:B signature. H-alpha appears as red-dominant pixels with low G and B. Airglow appears as green-dominant pixels at mid brightness. OIII appears as blue-green with low R. The slider then boosts those identified pixels selectively.

Auto Enhance Presets

13 — False Colour Assist

False Colour Assist

Step 6 of the CVD tab. Remaps colours you cannot perceive to colours you can, using full HSV hue rotation per CVD type. For editing only — disable before exporting your final image.

Red-dominant pixels (H-alpha nebulae, red stars, warm dust lanes) in the 330°–35° hue range are shifted toward yellow-orange (50°–70°). This places them in the visible range for protanopes without altering the sky blue or overall image structure.

Green-dominant pixels (airglow OI 557nm, green nebulae) in the 90°–155° hue range are shifted toward cyan-blue. This makes them distinguishable from both the warm pollution glow and the sky blue, because cyan sits between those two and is visible to deuteranopes.

Blue-dominant pixels in the 220°–285° range are shifted toward green-cyan. The deep blue of night sky that appears grey to tritanopes becomes a visible green-teal, making sky quality assessment much more reliable.

Since no colour is visible, the remapper converts all colour information into luminance contrast variation. Emission line features become brightness differences — H-alpha regions become slightly brighter, airglow regions slightly darker — revealing structure that would otherwise be invisible.

Always disable before export

False Colour Assist is an editing aid, not a colour correction. If you export your image while False Colour is active, the remapped colours will be baked into the file. The warning banner in the CVD tab stays visible whenever it is on.

14 — Print Calibration

Print Calibration

The PRINT tab diagnoses why prints come out dark or with colour shifts. It builds a compensation profile through six interactive steps.

Why blue light filters matter so much

Night Shift (iPhone/Mac) and Night Light (Windows/Android) add 800–3200K of warmth to your entire display. If you correct your sky to look balanced with Night Shift on, the image is actually several thousand Kelvin too cool. When you print it, the print will look cold and blue. Always disable these before doing any colour work.

How to disable: iPhone/iPad: Settings → Display & Brightness → Night Shift → off. Mac: System Settings → Displays → Night Shift → Schedule: Off. Windows: Settings → System → Display → Night Light → toggle off. Android: Settings → Display → Eye Comfort Shield → off.

15 — Interactive Tools

White Balance Eyedropper & Selective Colour

WB Eyedropper (WB tab)

Go to the WB tab. The status bar says “Click on a neutral area to sample white balance.”
Tap any neutral area — something that should be grey: a rock face, a road, still water. SpectraVision measures the R:G:B at that pixel and calculates its Kelvin equivalent.
Tap Apply Sampled WB to Corrections to push that Kelvin reading into the Sky Colour Temp slider. The image updates immediately.
Auto Neutral Detection

The WB tab also automatically finds all near-neutral pixels across the whole image and shows their average Kelvin. This gives you a second reference point without clicking anything.

Selective Colour (SELECT tab)

Go to the SELECT tab and tap any pixel on your photo.
All pixels with a similar hue are highlighted; everything else dims to black. Use the Tolerance slider to widen or narrow the hue range.
Useful for isolating sodium glow vs airglow, or finding which stars share a spectral colour. Tap Clear Selection to restore normal view.
16 — Interactive Tools

Region Analyzer & Exposure Calculator

Region Analyzer (REGION tab)

Analyses just a user-defined area of the image rather than the whole frame.

Go to the REGION tab and drag a rectangle on your photo. A blue dashed box appears.
The panel shows zone distribution, average Kelvin, SNR, and colour preservation for just that region.
Useful for checking sky quality separately from foreground, or measuring a specific portion of the Milky Way core.

Exposure Calculator (CALC tab)

Calculates maximum shutter speed before stars trail using both the NPF rule (more accurate) and the older 500 rule.

NPF vs 500 rule

The 500 rule only uses focal length (500 ÷ focal length = max seconds). The NPF rule also accounts for aperture and sensor pixel pitch, giving a result that is typically 30–60% more conservative and more accurate for modern high-resolution sensors. Stars near Polaris allow 3–4× longer exposures than equatorial targets.

17 — EXIF & Reports

EXIF Data & Analysis Reports

EXIF Data (EXIF tab)

SpectraVision reads EXIF data from the raw file bytes. No data is sent to any server. The EXIF tab shows: camera make and model, shutter speed, aperture, ISO, focal length, date/time, and GPS coordinates (if recorded).

JPEG only

EXIF data is only available in JPEG files. PNG files do not include EXIF metadata. If you export from Lightroom as PNG, you will not see EXIF data in SpectraVision.

Analysis Report (REPORT tab)

Generates a complete scientific summary including: sky Kelvin, SQM, dynamic range in EV stops, light pollution percentage and source type, stars detected, FWHM, full zone distribution, and EXIF data.

Tap Export HTML Report for a standalone branded HTML file you can share, post online, or archive with your image.
Tap Copy Report Text for a plain text version suitable for emails or astronomy forums.
18 — Export

Exporting Your Image

Tap Export ▼ in the top toolbar and choose PNG or TIFF. A progress bar appears immediately confirming the export has started.

PNG
Lossless. Best for further editing in Lightroom or Photoshop. Smaller file size than TIFF. No metadata.
TIFF
Uncompressed, full quality. Professional standard for print labs. Hand-coded encoder — no library dependency.
What gets exported

The exported image reflects any active corrections, CVD channel enhancement, and emission line boosts. If False Colour Assist is on, it will be baked into the export — always check that it is Off before exporting a final image.

iPhone / iPad

After tapping Export, your browser may show a download prompt or open the image in a new tab. If it opens in a new tab, long-press the image and choose “Save to Photos” or “Save to Files.”

19 — Reference

Sky Colour Temperature Targets

These are the scientifically calibrated targets built into SpectraVision’s CVD gauges and presets.

Condition
Kelvin
R : G : B ratios
True Dark Night
10500K
0.65 : 0.80 : 1.00
Blue Hour
9000K
0.55 : 0.70 : 1.00
Moonlit Night
4100K
1.00 : 0.97 : 0.90
Sodium pollution
2200K
High R, very low B
LED streetlight
4000–6500K
Depends on LED type
Why B should dominate

True dark sky is predominantly illuminated by starlight and faint airglow. Starlight averaged across the whole sky skews blue because O and B class hot stars are intrinsically bright. The absence of warm artificial lighting allows the blue contribution to dominate. Any condition where R > B on the waveform parade means warm pollution is present.

20 — Reference

Glossary

🎉

Tutorial Complete

You’ve covered all 20 tools in SpectraVision. Load a night photo and start analysing!

Utah Astrophotography · DinoSpectra · SpectraVision